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债转股
debt-to-equity swap
w 港元的联系汇率制
the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar
w 坏帐、呆帐、死帐
bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan
w 反倾销措施
anti-dumping measures against...
w 通货紧缩
deflation
w 通货膨胀
inflation
w 非配额产品
quota-free products
w 非生产性投资
investment in non-productive projects
w 风险管理/评估
risk management/ assessment
w 风险基金
venture capital
w 风险准备金
loan loss provision/ provisions of risk
w 搞活国有大中型企业
revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises
w 规模经济
scale economy/ economies of scale
w 国合企业(即国有合作社)
state-owned cooperatives
w 国际收支
balance of international payments/ balance of payment
w 国际收支不平衡
disequilibrium of balance of payment
w 国家补贴
public subsidies
w 国家现汇结存
state foreign exchange reserves
w 合理引导消费
guide rational consumption
w 季节性调价
seasonal price adjustments
w 既成事实
established/accomplished facts
w 技工贸结合的科技型企业
scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological development with industrial and trade development
w 劳动密集性企业
labor-intensive enterprises
w 乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费
unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises
w 千年问题、千年虫
millennium bug
w 企业技术改造
technological updating of enterprises
w 企业亏损补贴
subsidies to cover enterprise losses
w 实行国民待遇
grant the national treatment to
w 平等互利、讲求实效、形式多
样、共同发展的方针
pursuing practical results, adopting various ways and seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity and mutual development
w 瓶颈制约
"bottleneck" restrictions
w 市场准人的行政管理措施
AAMA: Administrative Aspects of Market Access
w 亚太工商咨询理事会
ABAC: APEC Business Advisory Council
w 亚太商业论坛
ABF: APEC Business Forum
w 亚太通讯与数据系统
ACDS: APEC Communications and Database System
w 亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心
ACTETSME: APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises
w 亚洲开发银行
ADB: Asian Development Bank
w 亚太经合组织经济领导人会议
AELM: APEC Economic Leaders Meeting
w 东盟自由贸易区
AFTA: ASEAN Free Trade Area
w 亚太经合组织部长级会议
AMM: APEC MinisteriaI Meeting
w 澳新紧密经济关系协定
ANZCERTA: Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement
w 亚太商业网络
APB-Net: Asia-Pacific Business Network
w 亚太经济合作组织
APEC: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
w 亚太能源研究中心
APERC: Asia Pacific Energy Research Center
w 亚太信息基础设施
APII: Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure
w 亚太实验室认可合作
APLAC: Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation
w 亚太法定计量论坛
APLMF: Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum
w 亚太计量程序
APMP: Asia Pacific Metrology Program
w 东南亚国家联盟
ASEAN: Association of South-East Asian Nations
w 亚欧会议
ASEM: Asia-Europe Meeting
w 农业技术合作
ATC: Agricultural Technical Cooperation
w 民事
civil
w 民事
civil affairs;affairs relating to civil law
w 民事上的占有
civil possesion
w 民事上的没收
civil forfeiture
w 民事上诉
civil appeal
w 民事主体
civil subject
w 民事法律关系
civil legal relationship
w 民事活动
activity relating to civil law
w 民事纠纷
civil dispute
w 民事客体
civil object
w 民事原告
civil plaintiff
w 民事被告
civil defendant
w 民事指控
civil charge
w 民事案件
civil case
w 民事过失
civil negligence
w 民事责任事故
accident involving civil liability
w 民事补偿
civil remedy
w 民事诉讼
civil action
w 民事损害
civil injury
w 民事债务
civil debt
w 民事管辖
civil jurisdiction
w 民事制裁
civil sanction
w 民事审判
civil trial
w 民事调解
civil mediation
w 民事罚款
civil penalty
w 民事权利争议
dispute concerning private rights
w 民事权利剥夺
deprived of private rights
w 民事权利请求
civil claim
w 民事权利变更
alternation of private right
w 民政
civil administraion
w 民事权利与责任
civil right and liability
w 民事权利
civil right
w 人身权利
jura personarum; rights of the person
w 人格权
right of personality
w 上诉权
right of appeal
w 不受时效限制权
imprescriptible right
w 立遗嘱权
right to make a will
w 合法权利
legal right
w 共有权
communal tenure
w 求偿权
recoupment; recourse
w 居住权
right of habitation
w 使用权
right of use
w 委任权
power of pocuration
w 财产权
proprietatis; property right
w 财产让与权
benefit of cession
w 起诉权
right of action
w 采光权
right of ancient lights
w 专用权
sole right of use
w 专有权
exclusive power
w 专利申请权
clailm of patent application
w 控告权
right of complaint
w 答辩权
right of reply
w 解释权
right to interpret
w 经济权利
economic right
w 债的请求权
debt claim
w 监护权
guardianship
w 选择权
right of choice
w 转卖权
right of resale
w （当事方为进行仲裁或接受国际法院的管辖权而签订的）协定
compromis: a special agreement between States to submit a particular issue either to an arbitral tribunal or to the International Court of Justice
w 事实上
de facto: existing as a matter of fact rather than of right
w 法律上
de jure: as a matter of legal right
w 根据公允及善意的原则
ex aeque et bono: as a result of fair dealing and good conscience
w 出于善意的
ex gratia: done as a matter of favour (An ex gratia payment is one not required to be made by a legal duty.)
w 依职权而自然获得
ex officio: by virtue of holding an office
w 事后的；溯及既往的
ex post facto: by a subsequent act (describing any legal act, such as a statute, which has retrospective effect)
w 主动的，自愿的
ex proprio motu(ex mero motu): of his own motion
w 不可抗力
force majueure(法语): irresistible compulsion or coercion
w 强制法
jus cogens(ius congens): coercive law; a rule or principle in international law that is so fundamental that it bins all states and does not allow any exceptions
w 万民法，万国法，国际法
jus gentium: the law of people; international law
w 法无明文不处罚
nulla poena sine lege: no penalty(punishment) without a law
w 法无明文不为罪
nullum crimen sine lege: no crime without a law
w 条约必须遵守原则
pact sunt servand: a pact is not to be surrendered (agreements are to be kept)
w 自身，本身；本质上
per se
w 不受欢迎的人（personna grata 受欢迎的人）
personna non-grata
w 初步的，表面上的
prima facie: at first appearance; on the face of things
w 情势变迁原则
rebus sic standibus: change of circumstances
w 无主物
res nullius: an asset susceptible of acquisition but presently under the ownership or sovereignty of no legal person
w 未确定时日的
sine die: without a date
w 越权行为（与intra vires相对）
ultra vires(act)
w 占领地保有原则
uti possidetis
v Lesson Six
w 民事责任
civil liability
w 不履行法律责任
omission
w 共同连带责任
joint and separate responsibility
w 完全责任
full liability
w 侵权责任
liability for tort
w 连带责任
joint liability
w 财产责任
property liability
w 过失责任
fault liability
w 替代责任
vicarious liability
w 无限责任
unlimited liability
w 单独责任
solitary liability
w 道德责任
moral obligation
w 监护责任
liability of guardian
w 严格责任赔偿
strict liability
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